動(dòng)詞 punish:

1. impose a penalty on; inflict punishment on
   同義詞：penalize, penalise

1. The teacher warned them that she would punish anyone who stepped out of line.
   老師警告他們說(shuō)誰(shuí)要不守規(guī)矩就罰誰(shuí)。
2. The great thieves punish the little ones.
   [諺]大賊罰小賊; 大魚(yú)吃小魚(yú)。
3. If it were not for his presence, I would punish you.
   要不是他在場(chǎng)，我會(huì)處罰你的。
4. The teacher blazoned she would punish the bad student.
   老師宣布她將懲罰那個(gè)壞學(xué)生。
5. Their teacher punished them for their rudeness.
   老師因?yàn)樗麄儜B(tài)度粗魯而責(zé)罰他們。
6. Dangerous driving should be severely punished.
   危險(xiǎn)駕駛應(yīng)受?chē)?yán)懲。

pun.ish

v.（動(dòng)詞）
pun.ished,pun.ish.ing,pun.ish.es
v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）
To subject to a penalty for an offense, a sin, or a fault.
處罰：因?yàn)橛|犯、罪過(guò)或過(guò)錯(cuò)而遭受懲罰
To inflict a penalty for (an offense).
施加處罰：因?yàn)椋胺福┒┘討土P
To handle roughly; hurt:
粗魯?shù)貙?duì)待；傷害：
例句：
My boots were punished by our long trek through the desert.
我的靴子由于我們穿越沙漠的長(zhǎng)途旅行而被磨損了

v.intr.（不及物動(dòng)詞）
To exact or mete out punishment.
強(qiáng)制服從懲罰或給予懲罰

來(lái)源：
Middle English punissen, punishen
中古英語(yǔ) punissen, punishen
from Old French punir puniss-
源自 古法語(yǔ) punir puniss-
from Latin poenore, pônore
源自 拉丁語(yǔ) poenore, pônore
from poena [punishment]
源自 poena [懲罰，處罰]
from Greek poinô * see k wei-
源自 希臘語(yǔ) poinô *參見(jiàn) k wei-

【引伸】
pun.ishabil.ity
n.（名詞）
pun.ishable
adj.（形容詞）
pun.isher
n.（名詞）
<參考詞匯><同義詞>punish,correct,chastise,discipline,castigate,penalizeThese verbs mean to subject a person to a penalty, such as loss, pain, or confinement, for an offense, a sin, or a fault.
這些動(dòng)詞的意思是使某人因?yàn)槊胺?、罪過(guò)或過(guò)錯(cuò)而受到如損失、痛苦或監(jiān)禁等懲罰。
Punish is the least specific:
Punish 的意思是最不具體的：
例句：
.The individual who refuses to defend his rights when called by his Government . . . must be punished as an enemy of his country and friend to her foe. (Andrew Jackson).Tocorrect is to punish so that the offender will mend his or her ways:
被國(guó)家所召集卻拒絕維護(hù)他的權(quán)利的個(gè)人…一定被當(dāng)作自己國(guó)家的敵人和國(guó)家敵人的朋友而受到懲罰 （安德魯·杰克遜）。Corret 意指懲罰以使冒犯者改正他或她的習(xí)慣：

例句：
Regulations formerly permitted prison wardens to correct unruly inmates.
規(guī)章制度從前曾允許監(jiān)獄的典獄長(zhǎng)懲罰不守規(guī)矩的犯人。

Chastise implies punishment, such as corporal punishment or a verbal rebuke, as a means of effecting improvement in behavior:
Chastise 表示作為使行為進(jìn)步的一種方式的懲罰，如體罰或口頭上的責(zé)備等：
例句：
chastise a bully by giving him a thrashing;
給這個(gè)欺侮弱者的人一頓鞭打以作懲罰；

例句：
was roundly chastised for insolence.
因?yàn)榘谅艿揭活D懲罰。

Discipline stresses punishment inflicted by an authority in order to control an offender or to eliminate or reform unacceptable conduct:
Discipline 強(qiáng)調(diào)權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)為控制冒犯者或免除、改革不能被接受的行為所施加的懲罰：
例句：
The worker was disciplined for insubordination.
這個(gè)工人因?yàn)椴环亩艿綉土P。

Castigate means to censure or criticize severely, often in public:
Castigate 常指在公共場(chǎng)合譴責(zé)或嚴(yán)肅地批評(píng)：
例句：
The judge castigated the attorney for badgering the witness.
法官因?yàn)檗q護(hù)律師糾纏目擊證人而譴責(zé)了他。

Penalize usually implies a monetary penalty or the forfeiture of a privilege or gain because rules or regulations have been broken:
Penalize 通常指因違反規(guī)則或慣例而施行的罰金或?qū)е绿貦?quán)或利益的喪失：
例句：
Those who file their income-tax returns after April 5 will be penalized.
那些在4月5日以后才填寫(xiě)收入所得稅申報(bào)書(shū)的人將被罰款