battle, war, campaign, struggle, warfare, fight, combat, engagement

名詞 war:

1. the waging of armed conflict against an enemy
   同義詞：warfare
2. a legal state created by a declaration of war and ended by official declaration during which the international rules of war apply
   同義詞：state of war
3. an active struggle between competing entities
   同義詞：warfare
4. a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious

動(dòng)詞 war:

1. make or wage war

1. The trade of the soldier is war.
   士兵的職業(yè)是打仗。
2. The necessary outcome of a war is a fall in production.
   戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)帶來(lái)的必然結(jié)果就是生產(chǎn)力下降。
3. He lost his life in the war.
   他在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中喪生。
4. There was growing criticism of the Government's conduct of the war.
   政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作戰(zhàn)的方式受到越來(lái)越多的批評(píng)。
5. The prospect of another war appalled us.
   想到有可能發(fā)生另一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，我們不寒而栗。
6. We have had two world wars in this century.
   本世紀(jì)我們已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)。

war

n.（名詞）

A state of open, armed, often prolonged conflict carried on between nations, states, or parties.
戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)：在國(guó)家、民族或派別之間進(jìn)行的公開(kāi)的使用武力的常持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的沖突的狀態(tài)
The period of such conflict.
戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間
The techniques and procedures of war; military science.
軍事學(xué)：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的技巧或程序；軍事科學(xué)

A condition of active antagonism or contention:
論戰(zhàn)：積極地對(duì)立或爭(zhēng)吵的狀態(tài)：
例句：
a war of words; a price war.
口舌之戰(zhàn)；價(jià)格之戰(zhàn)

A concerted effort or campaign to combat or put an end to something considered injurious:
斗爭(zhēng)：為與某些被認(rèn)為是有害之物作戰(zhàn)或使其結(jié)束而作的齊心協(xié)調(diào)的努力或斗爭(zhēng)：
例句：
the war against acid rain.
預(yù)防酸雨的斗爭(zhēng)

v.intr.（不及物動(dòng)詞）
warred,war.ring,wars
To wage or carry on warfare.
從事或進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)斗
To be in a state of hostility or rivalry; contend.
同…處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)：處于敵對(duì)或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的狀態(tài)；爭(zhēng)辯

<習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)>at war
In an active state of conflict or contention.
處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)：處于一種沖突或爭(zhēng)論的活躍狀態(tài)
來(lái)源：
Middle English warre
中古英語(yǔ) warre
from Old North French werre
源自 古法國(guó)北方方言 werre
[of Germanic origin] * see wers-
[源于德語(yǔ)] *參見(jiàn) wers-

<注釋>A piece of liverwurst may perhaps help us gain some insight into the nature of war,at least into the semantic history of the wordwar. War and the -wurst part of liverwurst can be traced back to the same Indo-European root, wers-, .to confuse, mix up.. In the Germanic family of the Indo-European languages,this root gave rise to several words having to do with confusion or mixture of various kinds.In the case of the ancestry ofwar, the hypothetical Germanic stem .werza-, .confusion,. became .werra-, which passed into Old French, a language descended from spoken Latin but supplemented by more than 200 words borrowed from the Frankish invaders of the 5th century.From the Germanic stem came both the formwerre in Old North French, the form borrowed into English in the 2th century, and guerre (the source of guerilla ) in the rest of the Old French-speaking area. Both forms meant .war,. a very confused condition indeed.Meanwhile another Indo-European form derived from the same Indo-European root had developed into Old High Germanwurst, meaning .sausage,. from an underlying sense of .mixture,. which is, of course, related to the sense of the root .to confuse, mix up..Modern Germanwurst was borrowed into English in the 9th century, first by itself (recorded in 855) and then as part of the wordliverwurst (8'9), the liver being a translation of Germanleber in leberwurst.
一塊肝腸也許會(huì)幫助我們對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的性質(zhì)增加些認(rèn)識(shí)，至少可了解war這一詞的語(yǔ)義史。 War和 liverwurst 的一部分 -wurst 可以追溯到同一印歐語(yǔ)系詞根 wers- .使迷惑，混雜.。 在印歐語(yǔ)系中的日耳曼語(yǔ)系中，該詞根造出了好幾個(gè)與迷惑或各種東西的混合物有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)。在war 的詞源一例中，假定的日耳曼語(yǔ)詞干 werza- .迷惑.變成了 werra- ， 又傳入了來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的古法語(yǔ)中，但是又附加了由5世紀(jì)法蘭克侵略者帶來(lái)的200多個(gè)單詞。從日耳曼語(yǔ)詞干中，既產(chǎn)生了古老的北部法語(yǔ)中的werre (2世紀(jì)該詞傳入英語(yǔ)），又產(chǎn)生了其它講古法語(yǔ)地區(qū)的人用的 guerre ( guerilla 的詞源）。 兩個(gè)形式都表示.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng).，一個(gè)的確很糟糕的局面。同時(shí)，另一個(gè)從相同的印歐語(yǔ)系詞根派生來(lái)的印歐語(yǔ)形式發(fā)展成了舊高地德語(yǔ)wurst .香腸.， 這是從其潛含義.混合物.而來(lái)的，.混合物.顯然與.使困惑，混雜.的詞根的含義有關(guān)?，F(xiàn)代德語(yǔ)中的wurst 于9世紀(jì)傳入英語(yǔ)中， 首先是它的獨(dú)立形式（記載于855年），然后是liverwurst 的一部分(8'9年）， .肝.這層含義是由德語(yǔ)leberwurst 中的 leber 翻譯而來(lái)